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Tare da inganta ka'idojin rayuwar mutane, abubuwan da ake amfani da su don abinci ba kawai iyakance ingancin abinci ba, amma kuma suna buƙatar abinci don samun gamsar da halaye masu mahimmanci kamar yadda ake buƙata, gyada, danko, da sauransu.

Emulsifiers, kamar yadda ƙari ga kayan abinci don kwandishan, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin masana'antar abinci. Bari mu kalli tsarin aikin emulsifiers!

Emulsion

Emulsion gama gari a cikin abinci ya ƙunshi ruwa ko kuma mafita mai ruwa, da aka ambata a matsayin lokacin hydrophilic; Sauran lokaci shine yanki na kwayoyin da ke lalata da ruwa, wanda kuma aka sani da yanayin Lipphilic. Hanyoyi biyu na rigakafi, kamar ruwa da man, na iya samar da nau'ikan biyu na emulsions lokacin da aka gauraye, w / o) emulsions.

A cikin ruwa a cikin emulsion mai, wanda aka watsa a matsayin kankanin droplets cikin ruwa, tare da droplets mai kamar yadda matsakaiciyar matsakaici da ruwa. Misali, madara saniya shine emulsion; A cikin ruwa a emulsions mai, kishiyar gaskiya ce. An watsa ruwa kamar kankanin droplets a cikin mai, da ruwa kamar cruppersing da lokaci mai yawa. Misali, man shanu na wucin gadi wani nau'in w / o emulsion ne.

Hanyar aikin emulsifiers

Abinci Emulsifiers, wanda kuma aka sani da Suffactants, abubuwa ne da ke canjuntar da tursasci mai narkewa a cikin matakai jere (emulsions). Lokacin da aka ƙara shi da abinci, za su iya rage tashin hankali na rikice-rikice tsakanin man da ruwa, yana ba da izinin abubuwan shayarwa (abubuwan hydrophobic) don samar da tabbataccen emulsions.

A hannu daya, emulsifers suna samar da wani bakin ciki kwayoyin a kan m kwayoyin m, rage saman makamashi kyauta na tsarin da kuma samar da sabon musayar. Kungiyoyin kwayoyin Emulsifier suna da kayan aikin hydrophilic da oleophilic kungiyoyi, wanda zai iya adasorb a kan m prounds na mai da ruwa mai kauri da rage tashin hankali na ciki da rage tashin hankali hade tsakanin matakai biyu. Wato, wani ɓangare na Oleophilic na kwayar mai da emulsifier yana kan gefe ɗaya, kuma ɓangare na ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta da emulsifier yana gefe ɗaya. Wannan hulɗa tsakanin biyun yana haifar da canji a tashin hankali na InterFacial;

A gefe guda, ta hanyar samar da ingantaccen Layer Layer a farfajiya na driplet, yana da ba da droplet da ingantaccen yanayin kwanciyar hankali. Thearin emulsifers an ƙara, da mafi girma raguwar a cikin tashin hankali ta Interfacial. Wannan yana ba da damar abubuwan da aka lalata a baya, suna haifar da tsarin haɗin kai wanda ke canza yanayin ainihin yanayin da ke haɓaka yanayin abinci da haɓaka ingancinsa.
Hydrophilic da Oleophilic Dalili

Gabaɗaya, emulsifiers tare da m hydrophilicity man fetur / ruwan emulsions da karfi hydrophilicity form ruwa / emulsions. Don nuna daidaiton hydrophilic da lippophilic na emulsifiers, HLB Darajar ƙimar Lipophilic) ana amfani da darajar ma'aunin Hydrophilic Lipophilic) don wakiltar darajar Hydrophicity na emulsifiers. Akwai hanyoyin ƙididdigar da yawa don darajar HLB,

Bambanci dabara: hlb = hydrophility of Hydrophilic group - rydrophobicity of lopophilic rukuni

Sature: hlb = hydrophility of hydrophilic Group / hydrophobicity of Oleophilic Group

HLB darajar kowane emulsifier za a iya tantance ta hanyoyin gwaji. Ga emulsifiers tare da lipophility 100%, hlb dinsu 0 (wanda aka wakilta ta parassium oleate), da kuma wadatar potassiphilicity 100% na biyu da eleophilicity. Mafi girman darajar HLB, da karfi da hydrophilicity, da kuma karami darajar HLB, mafi karfi da oleophilcicity.

Mafi yawan Erulsifiers masu kawowa ba su da himmantattun abubuwan da ba su dace da hlb da ƙimar HLB da kadarorin HLB da ƙa'idodi na ionic emulsifiers da ke da alaƙa na emulsifiers ba ionic a cikin tebur; Hyimar HLB na Surfacts shine 0-40. Saboda haka, emulsifiers tare da dabi'un HLB <10 galibi suna lipphilic, yayin da emulsifiers tare da dabi'un HLB ≥ 10 suna da halaye na hydrophili.

Don gauraye emulsifiers, dabi'un HLB suna da kaddarorin ƙari. Saboda haka, lokacin da biyu ko fiye emulsifers an gauraye da amfani da shi, da HLB darajar da aka gauraye za a iya ƙididdigated dangane da taro na kowane emulsifier a cikin abun da ke ciki:

HLBA, B = Hl Bah· + HLBBI B%

A cikin dabara,

HLBA, b shine darajar HLB na Emululsifier a, b gauraye tare;

HLBA da HLBB sune ƙimar HLB na Emulsifiers a da B, bi da bi;

A% da b% sune kashi na A da B a cikin hadewar emulsifier, bi da bi (wannan dabara kawai ta shafi rashin emulsifiers da ba ionic ba).
Hanyoyin shirye-shiryen da abubuwan rinjaye na emulsifiers

Akwai hanyoyi guda huɗu don shirya Emulsifiers, wato bushe gel hanya, rigar gel, hanyar hadawa na lokaci, da hanyar injin-mai.

Hanyar Gel, wacce ta ƙunshi ƙara ruwa zuwa tsarin mai dauke da emulsifiers. A lokacin shiri, foda foda (emulsifier) ​​an hade sosai a ko'ina tare da man, an ƙara adadin ruwa, sannan ƙasa da emululed a cikin Colostrum, sannan a narkar da ruwa zuwa cikakken adadin.

Wayar gel, wanda ya shafi ƙara mai a cikin lokacin da ke ɗauke da emulsifiers. Yayin shiri, gel (emulsifier) ​​yana da farko narkar da ruwa don samar da slurry kamar yadda ruwa. Sa'an nan kuma, an ƙara tsarin na a cikin ruwa a matakai, ƙasa cikin colostrum, da ruwa ana ƙara shi zuwa cikakken adadin.

Mix da man da matakan ruwa kuma ƙara su ga emulsifier, hada wani adadin mai da ruwa. Ra grind Arabic gum a cikin tururuwa, sannan hanzari niƙa da ruwan mai ruwa cikin colostrum, kuma tsarma da ruwa.

A shirye-shiryen emulsifiers galibi ya ƙunshi emulsifying biyu, da ingancin emulsification yana da tasiri akan ingancin emulsion.

Abubuwan da ke shafar emulsification galibi sun hada da tashin hankali na Interfacial, danko da zazzabi, lokacin emulsifier, da adadin emulsifier da aka yi amfani da shi. Emulsifiers da zasu iya rage yawan tashin hankali a cikin gaba ɗaya an zaba su gaba daya; Mafi dacewa zazzabi zazzabi ga emulsifiers ne kusan 70 ℃. Idan ana amfani da Surfactants din ba a amfani da su azaman emulsifiers, yawan ƙwayar cuta kada ya wuce yawan zafin jikin su; A mafi emulsifiers ana amfani da shi, da mafi tsayayye da emulsion kafa.

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